Nephrology and Hypertension

Nephrolithiasis and Urological Disorders

Nephrolithiasis and Urological Disorders are vital components of nephrology, focusing on kidney stone formation and related urological conditions. This area encompasses a comprehensive understanding of factors contributing to kidney stone development, including diet, genetics, hydration, and metabolic anomalies. The topic also addresses various diagnostic approaches, such as imaging techniques and urinary parameter evaluation, to identify stone presence, size, and location.

Management strategies for nephrolithiasis play a significant role, encompassing both conservative measures and advanced interventions. These approaches range from increased fluid intake and dietary modifications to minimize stone recurrence to more complex procedures like extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopy, and minimally invasive surgery to address larger stones.