Nephrology and Hypertension

Diagnosis of Nephrotic Syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome comprise of heavy proteinuria, peripheral edema & hypoalbuminemia, frequently with hyperlipidemia. Patients basically present with edema & fatigue, without proof of heart failure or severe liver disease. The diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome is based on various clinical features with finalization of heavy proteinuria & hypoalbuminemia. The patient history & selected diagnostic studies rule out principle secondary causes, involving systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetes mellitus & medication adverse effects. Most cases of nephrotic syndrome are appraised primary membranous nephropathy & focal segmental glomerulosclerosis are the most considered histologic subtypes of primary nephrotic syndrome in adults. Significant complications of nephrotic syndrome include venous thrombosis & hyperlipidemia. Diagnosis includes Urine tests: A urinalysis can disclose abnormalities present in urine like more quantities of protein. Blood tests: A blood test can expose tiny levels of the protein albumin & frequent lowered levels of blood protein. Kidney biopsy: Physician might suggest extracting a small sample of kidney tissue for testing.